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Steel billets are steel products that function as raw materials for steel wires, bars, etc. They come in different sizes, shapes, and grades, depending on the intended use. The specification of a steel billet includes its size, chemical composition, mechanical properties, and surface finish.

What is a steel billet?

According to the Bureau of Indian Standards, a steel billet is “a semi-finished product obtained by forging, rolling or continuously casting, usually square (not exceeding 125 mm × 125 mm in cross-section) with rounded corners or round (not exceeding 125 mm in diameter) and is intended for further processing into suitable finished product by forging or re-rolling.”

Usually, steel billets look like a long rectangular bar with a square cross section. This is the most common shape of steel billets used in factories producing TMT bars, steel wires, etc. Steel billets can be made of mild steel, carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, etc. Choosing a steel billet will depend on its application.

Manufacturing steel billets

The manufacturing of steel billet depends on the product specifications. Billets are made by either casting or hot rolling.

Casting is a process where molten steel is poured into a mold to take the desired form. Molds are usually made of metal or sand, and the size and shape of the mold changes according to the specification of the billet. Once the billet solidifies, it is then removed from the mold.

Hot rolling is a process where a steel ingot is heated to a high temperature and put through a series of rollers to reduce thickness and shape it into a rectangular or square billet. Hot rolling machines are usually automated, and specifications of the billet is fed into the system which in turn commands the rolling machines to give the billets their desired shape.

Finished steel billets are then sent to other manufacturing plants where they are re-rolled to form structural steel products.

Features of steel billets

Given below are the features of a steel billet:

  • Steel billets are expensive because the hot rolling process involved is more time consuming and requires more energy.
  • Steel billets are stronger because the hot rolling process aligns its grain structure, making it less susceptible to fractures.
  • Steel billets are ductile and therefore can be formed into shapes with more intricate designs easily.
  • Steel billets are used for a variety of applications, including manufacturing automotive parts, aerospace components, and medical implants.

Also read: MS flat: Check different sizes, uses, how to buy

Common sizes of billets in India

Indian manufacturers of steel billet produce billets in various sizes. Here are some of the most commonly available sizes of steel billet:

  • 80 X 80 mm
  • 100 X 100 mm
  • 105 x 105 mm
  • 120 X 120 mm
  • 140 X 140 mm
  • 160 X 160 mm
  • 200 X 200 mm

Applications of steel billets

As mentioned before, steel billets serve as raw material for factories that produce various types of steel products. Steel billets are fed into large furnaces to convert solid steel into its molten form. It is then put through casting or rolling according to the process to be followed to shape the molten steel into the desired product.

Here are the applications of steel billet:

  • Manufacture of TMT bars
  • Manufacture of steel coils
  • Forging, upsetting, and ring-rolling application
  • Manufacture of steel wires
  • For peeling or turning the hot rolled bars into the cold finished bars and precision shafts
  • Manufacture of steel pipes
  • For re-rolling into various Sections & Profiles
  • Manufacture of steel poles
  • Production of machining parts and components including fasteners, precise components, turned components and milled components

Grades of steel billet

Here are some most commonly available grades of steel billet:

  • 301
  • 302
  • 304
  • 304L
  • 309
  • 310
  • 316
  • 316L
  • 316Ti
  • 317L
  • 321
  • 329
  • 347

There are also 500 series, other 300 series variants and other grades of steel billets available. The steel grade you get will depend on the steel billet manufacturer.

Manufacturers of steel billets in India

Here are a few manufacturers of steel billets in India:

  • Tradewell Ferromet Private Limited – Mumbai – Manufactures Concast round billets
  • Arpan Commercial Private Limited – Nagpur – Manufactures mild steel MS billets
  • L. Concast – Fatehgarh Sahib- Manufactures mild steel MS billets for construction
  • Shivam Steel Corporation – Raipur – Manufactures mild steel billets
  • R. Steel Udyog – Kolkata – Manufactures C20 RCS rolled billet
  • Shyam Steel – West Bengal – Manufactures steel billets
  • KR Industries – Gujarat – Manufactures stainless steel, alloy and mild steel billets

Steel billet prices in India

The current market price of steel billet is ₹45000 to ₹50000 per metric ton. The prices vary according to the type of steel that is used to make the billet. For example, Shivam Steel Corporation sells mild steel billets for ₹ 44,000 per metric ton.

There are also manufacturers who will sell you bulk billets for lesser prices. If you want to know prices of steel billets, visit Tata nexarc. We help you buy steel from reputable suppliers at reasonable prices. We also extend credit options to our clients.

Priyanka is a seasoned content marketing professional with more than 6 years of experience crafting various forms of business and technology sector content. Her insightful writing tackles critical issues faced by small-scale manufacturing businesses. Priyanka's clear and concise communication empowers businesses to make informed decisions and thrive in today's dynamic business environment.